Angular limb deformity (ALD) refers to a lateral (outward) or medial (inward) deviation of a limb. The angle point of most limb deformities is associated with a joint. The carpus (knee joint) is, by far, the most common joint affected. The fetlock (ankle joint) and tarsus (hock joint) can also be affected. Angular limb deformities occur in foals of all breeds. There does not seem to be any higher incidence of the problem in colts compared with fillies. Foals can either be born with deviated limbs (congenital) or develop the problem later (acquired) during their first year of life when rapid changes are occurring in the bone and joints.

Angular Leg Deformities in Foals. Angular limb deformities in the foal are defined as a deviation from normal alignment when viewed from the front. The deviation from normal may be in any of the joints or long bones of the legs. The deviation is seen as a lateral (outward or valgus) or medial (inward or varus) bowing of the limb usually at a joint. Deformity may involve the front and rear legs.

Angular Limb Deformities: Cause and Methods of Treatment. Angular limb deformities due to ligamentous laxity are typically present and most pronounced at birth. The carpal and tarsal joints are most commonly involved and, in severe cases, the stifle joints can be angled as well. Examination of the foal at rest reveals excessive medial to lateral mobility of the involved joints.

When newborns stand up for the first time, their limbs frequently have several abnormalities. Many of these are related to laxity of ligaments and tendons and will correct in the first few days as long as the foal can get up and move around normally. You can divide these abnormalities into two main groups, depending on whether you can see the abnormality while standing in front of the foal or from the side: 1. A deformity best seen while looking at the side of a foal involves the flexor tendons: see Flexural Limb Deformities of Foals. 2. A deformity best seen from in front of the foal, as pictured below, is an angular limb deformity and dealt within this article.